Why is chlorination used in water treatment?

• A. To flavor the water.
• B. To remove minerals from water.
• C. To kill microbes and make water safe to drink.
• D. To change the color of water.

Answer: (C)

Chlorination is used to disinfect water, killing microbes and making it safe to drink. Chlorine acts as a disinfectant by forming hypochlorous acid in water, which disrupts the cellular processes of bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens, quickly reducing their numbers. A residual amount of chlorine remains as water travels through pipes, providing ongoing protection against contamination. This prevents waterborne diseases and keeps the supply safe. It’s not about flavoring, removing minerals, or changing color, though a noticeable taste or odor can occur at certain concentrations.